SKULL AND SCALP; Run your hands over the scalp to find bleeding, swelling or an soft area or indention that might indicate a fracture. Handle the head and neck very gently.


FACE; Note the color, the temperature and the state of the skin. for example, closed eyes, open mouth and noisy breathing of unconsiousness may be accompanied by the pale, cold, sweaty skin that indicates shock or the flushed, hot face of stroke of fever 

EYES;  Examine both eyes together, note the size of the dark circular centers (pupils) and whether they are equal in size Look for any foreign body wound or brushing in the whites of the eyes.


EARS; Speak to the casualty. Ask if the person can hear in both the ears Look for blood or clear fluid coming from either ear canal that might indicate damage inside the skull.


NOSE; Check for any sign of blood or a clear fluid that might indicate damage inside the skull.

MOUTH; Record the rate, depth and nature (easy or, noisy or quiet) or breathing. Note any order in the breath Look and fell inside the mouth for anything that might endanger the airway. If dentures are intact and fit firmly. leave them in place. Look for any wound in the mouth or irregularity in the line of the teeth. Examine the lips for burns or discoloration, particularly blueness (which indicates low blood oxygen) 


NECK; Loosen clothing around the neck. Remove a cravat or choker to look for a stoma-a hole in the neck left by a surgical operation. Check if any warning medallion is being worn. Take a carotid pulse recording its rate, strength, and rhythm. Run your fingers down the spin from the base of the skull to between the shoulders, checking for irregularity or tenderness. Look for bruising.




TRUNK; Ask the casualty to breathe deeply, and observe whether the chest expands evenly, easily and equally on the two sides check both collar bones and shoulders for deformity, irregularity or tenderness. Fell  both sides of the pelvis to discover any sign of fracture. Note any incontinence or bleeding from the orifices.


UPPER LIMBS ; Check movement and sensation in the both arms. Ask the casualty to bend and straighten the fingers and elbows. Take his/she feel normally? Note the color of the fingers. Look for a warning bracelet.